Java 知识库

# GB28181 国标协议对接

# 简介

GB28181，全称 《公共安全视频监控联网系统信息传输、交换、控制技术要求》，是由公安部发布的公共安全行业标准。 该标准的目标是实现不同厂商的视频监控设备在同一系统中的互联互通，确保前端摄像头、视频服务器、管理平台等设备之间能够标准化通信与控制。

GB28181 协议是中国视频监控领域的核心标准之一，目前已成为政企安防系统、雪亮工程、公安视频联网平台等项目的基础通信协议。

image-20251011140047614

GB28181 协议基于国际标准协议进行了本地化扩展，主要涉及两层通信机制：

层级 协议 作用
信令层 SIP（Session Initiation Protocol） 设备注册、心跳、控制、会话建立等
媒体层 RTP/RTCP（Real-time Transport Protocol / Control Protocol） 实际音视频数据传输

在 SIP 协议基础上，GB28181 对部分消息（如 MESSAGE、INFO）进行了私有化扩展，用于支持视频监控系统中的特有业务场景。

场景 应用示例
公安视频联网平台 接入社会面监控视频
政府雪亮工程 统一接入各部门摄像头
企业安防系统 不同品牌设备统一管理
视频监控云平台 云端注册与流媒体转发

GB28181 已成为国内视频监控设备“互联互通”的事实标准，广泛应用于政府、公安、交通、园区、教育、医疗等领域。

# 配置

目前市面上大多数摄像头或 NVR 设备都支持 GB28181 方式接入视频，比如海康、大华

# sip 协议

GB28181具体功能如下：

•注册类：注册，注销，校时，心跳
•点播类：实时点播，历史点播，回放控制(快进，快退，跳转，暂停，停止)，录像下载
•控制类：云台，远程重启，强制关键帧，电子放大/缩小，手动录像，布防/撤防，参数配置等
•查询类：目录，录像文件，设备信息，设备状态，预置位，设备参数
•订阅通知：目录，报警

下面通过实际摄像头注册到视频平台，这里视频平台使用的是 wvp 。

192.168.0.159 为摄像头

192.168.0.194 为视频平台 sip 服务

# 注册

image-20251011141820925

image-20251011142326163

从抓包结果来看，符合国标要求的注册流程。下面看看请求报文

注册

Frame 8957: 438 bytes on wire (3504 bits), 438 bytes captured (3504 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194  # src 代表源  dst 代表目前
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060 
Session Initiation Protocol (REGISTER)
    Request-Line: REGISTER sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000 SIP/2.0 # 从这里可以看出是一个注册请求
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport;branch=z9hG4bK1473355816
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=1989951411
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>
        Call-ID: 615986518 # 回话标识
        [Generated Call-ID: 615986518]
        CSeq: 1 REGISTER
        Contact: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Expires: 3600 # 注册有效期
        Content-Length: 0

401

因为第一次注册没有加鉴权信息，所以平台回复401，根据国标要求回复401后，需要拿到 WWW-Authenticate 然后再次注册。

Frame 8962: 459 bytes on wire (3672 bits), 459 bytes captured (3672 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (401)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 401 Unauthorized
    Message Header
        CSeq: 1 REGISTER
        Call-ID: 615986518
        [Generated Call-ID: 615986518]
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=1989951411
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport=5060;branch=z9hG4bK1473355816;received=192.168.0.159
        WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="4101050000",qop="auth",nonce="53c97a36f390e40717fe5bdb509ca3bf",algorithm=MD5
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
        Content-Length: 0

第2次携带鉴权信息 Authorization 再次注册

Session Initiation Protocol (REGISTER)
    Request-Line: REGISTER sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000 SIP/2.0
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport;branch=z9hG4bK784817968
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=1989951411
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>
        Call-ID: 615986518
        [Generated Call-ID: 615986518]
        CSeq: 2 REGISTER
        Contact: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>
         […]Authorization: Digest username="34020000001320000001", realm="4101050000", nonce="53c97a36f390e40717fe5bdb509ca3bf", uri="sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000", response="590b82a3c73a88acf569f40fb696f27f", algorithm=MD5, cnonce="0a4f1
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Expires: 3600
        Content-Length: 0

平台回复 200 注册成功

Frame 8968: 439 bytes on wire (3512 bits), 439 bytes captured (3512 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (200)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 200 OK
    Message Header
        CSeq: 2 REGISTER
        Call-ID: 615986518
        [Generated Call-ID: 615986518]
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=1989951411
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport=5060;branch=z9hG4bK784817968;received=192.168.0.159
        Date: 2025-10-11T14:20:37.963
        Contact: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>
        Expires: 3600
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
        Content-Length: 0

# 注销

image-20251011143812344

注销流程和注册流程是一致的，唯一区别是 Expires 传为 0。

image-20251011143934550

# 心跳

image-20251011144419458

通过心跳机制平台来判断设备是否还在线，通过周期性的状态信息报送,实现注册服务器与源设备之间的状态检测即心跳机制。

心跳发送方、接收方需统一配置“心跳间隔”参数,按照“心跳间隔”定时发送心跳消息,默认心跳间隔60s。

心跳发送方、接收方需统一配置“心跳超时次数”参数,心跳消息连续超时达到“心跳超时次数”则认为对方下线,默认心跳超时次数3次。

心跳接收方在心跳发送方上线状态下检测到心跳消息连续超时达到商定次数则认为心跳发送方离线;心跳发送方在心跳接收方上线状态下检测到心跳消息响应消息连续超时达到商定次数则认为心跳接收方离线。

Frame 45870: 585 bytes on wire (4680 bits), 585 bytes captured (4680 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (MESSAGE)
    Request-Line: MESSAGE sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000 SIP/2.0
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport;branch=z9hG4bK839828597
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=167628661
        To: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>
        Call-ID: 547904633
        [Generated Call-ID: 547904633]
        CSeq: 20 MESSAGE
        Content-Type: Application/MANSCDP+xml
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Content-Length:   178
    Message Body
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>\n
        <Notify>\n
        <CmdType>Keepalive</CmdType>\n
        <SN>145</SN>\n
        <DeviceID>34020000001320000001</DeviceID>\n
        <Status>OK</Status>\n
        <Info>\n
        </Info>\n
        </Notify>\n

# 目录订阅

image-20251011145530510

目录订阅平台获取设备的信息，如设备通道、状态、位置等等信息

平台请求目录

Frame 237: 636 bytes on wire (5088 bits), 636 bytes captured (5088 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (MESSAGE)
    Request-Line: MESSAGE sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060 SIP/2.0
    Message Header
        Call-ID: 8fb8f5ba286eafc8352ea4e0c527fa71@192.168.0.194
        [Generated Call-ID: 8fb8f5ba286eafc8352ea4e0c527fa71@192.168.0.194]
        CSeq: 361 MESSAGE
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=0fd840073b4d4b96b3ea340172e50160
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK0778889278;rport
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
        Content-Type: Application/MANSCDP+xml
        Content-Length: 154
    Message Body
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>\r\n
        <Query>\r\n
          <CmdType>Catalog</CmdType>\r\n
          <SN>910817</SN>\r\n
          <DeviceID>34020000001320000001</DeviceID>\r\n
        </Query>\r\n

设备响应

Frame 238: 398 bytes on wire (3184 bits), 398 bytes captured (3184 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (200)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 200 OK
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK0778889278;rport=5060
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=0fd840073b4d4b96b3ea340172e50160
        To: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>;tag=965322775
        Call-ID: 8fb8f5ba286eafc8352ea4e0c527fa71@192.168.0.194
        [Generated Call-ID: 8fb8f5ba286eafc8352ea4e0c527fa71@192.168.0.194]
        CSeq: 361 MESSAGE
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Content-Length: 0

设备发送目录信息给平台

Frame 239: 994 bytes on wire (7952 bits), 994 bytes captured (7952 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (MESSAGE)
    Request-Line: MESSAGE sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000 SIP/2.0
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport;branch=z9hG4bK1748249569
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=665133980
        To: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>
        Call-ID: 1398445428
        [Generated Call-ID: 1398445428]
        CSeq: 20 MESSAGE
        Content-Type: Application/MANSCDP+xml
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Content-Length:   585
    Message Body
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?>\n
        <Response>\n
        <CmdType>Catalog</CmdType>\n
        <SN>910817</SN>\n
        <DeviceID>34020000001320000001</DeviceID>\n
        <SumNum>1</SumNum>\n
        <DeviceList Num="1">\n
        <Item>\n
        <DeviceID>34020000001320000101</DeviceID>\n
        <Name>�ۺϲ�</Name>\n
        <Manufacturer>Hikvision</Manufacturer>\n
        <Model>IP Camera</Model>\n
        <Owner>Owner</Owner>\n
        <CivilCode>4101050000</CivilCode>\n
        <Address>Address</Address>\n
        <Parental>0</Parental>\n
        <ParentID>41010500002000000001</ParentID>\n
        <SafetyWay>0</SafetyWay>\n
        <RegisterWay>1</RegisterWay>\n
        <Secrecy>0</Secrecy>\n
        <Status>ON</Status>\n
        </Item>\n
        </DeviceList>\n
        </Response>\n

平台回复 200

Frame 244: 356 bytes on wire (2848 bits), 356 bytes captured (2848 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (200)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 200 OK
    Message Header
        CSeq: 20 MESSAGE
        Call-ID: 1398445428
        [Generated Call-ID: 1398445428]
        From: <sip:34020000001320000001@4101050000>;tag=665133980
        To: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=1760165308470
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.159:5060;rport=5060;branch=z9hG4bK1748249569;received=192.168.0.159
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
        Content-Length: 0

# 实时点播

image-20251011150538029

平台发送 INVITE 请求设备实时视频

Frame 186: 842 bytes on wire (6736 bits), 842 bytes captured (6736 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
    # 以太网层，说明此包是从 14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2（WVP 服务器）发往 2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7（海康设备）

Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
    # IP 层，源地址为 192.168.0.194（WVP 服务端），目标地址为 192.168.0.159（设备）

User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
    # UDP 层，SIP 协议默认使用端口 5060，此处为设备与平台的信令交互通道

Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE)
    Request-Line: INVITE sip:34020000001320000101@192.168.0.159:5060 SIP/2.0
        # INVITE 请求行，表示请求建立会话（邀请设备推流）
        # 请求目标为设备ID：34020000001320000101（国标编码）

    Message Header
        Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194
            # 会话唯一标识，用于区分不同的 SIP 会话
        CSeq: 376 INVITE
            # 当前会话请求序号，用于消息的顺序控制
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=d0fcfaf739c64b8ab323d7b8f617f660
            # 请求发起方（WVP 平台）的 SIP 地址和唯一 tag 标识
        To: <sip:34020000001320000101@192.168.0.159:5060>
            # 请求目标方，即设备（摄像头）的 SIP 地址
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK7938522896;rport
            # SIP 传输路径记录，branch 用于事务标识；rport 表示请求端口返回路由
        Max-Forwards: 70
            # 限制消息转发的最大次数，防止死循环
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
            # 表明消息发起端的客户端信息，此处为 WVP-Pro 平台
        Contact: <sip:41010500002000000001@192.168.0.194:5060>
            # 通信联系人地址，用于回复时的目标
        Subject: 34020000001320000101:0105009033,41010500002000000001:0
            # 会话主题，定义推流信息
            # 前半部分为目标设备ID和通道号，后半部分为平台ID和码流类型（0主码流，1子码流）
        Content-Type: APPLICATION/SDP
            # 消息体类型为 SDP（Session Description Protocol，会话描述协议）
        Content-Length: 249
            # 消息体长度为 249 字节

    Message Body
        Session Description Protocol
            Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0
                # SDP 协议版本号
            Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 34020000001320000001 0 0 IN IP4 192.168.0.194
                # 会话拥有者（此处为平台），会话 ID、版本号、网络类型及 IP 地址
            Session Name (s): Play
                # 会话名称，通常为“Play”，表示点播请求
            Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.0.194
                # 媒体连接信息，表示媒体流将发送到 192.168.0.194
            Time Description, active time (t): 0 0
                # 时间描述字段，此处为0表示永久有效
            Media Description, name and address (m): video 50226 RTP/AVP 96 97 98 99
                # 媒体信息：
                # video 表示媒体类型；
                # 50226 表示 RTP 端口号；
                # RTP/AVP 表示使用 RTP 协议；
                # 96~99 为动态负载类型，对应不同编码格式
            Media Attribute (a): recvonly
                # 表示当前会话方向为接收（平台接收设备推送的视频流）
            Media Attribute (a): rtpmap:96 PS/90000
                # 编码类型96对应PS封装格式，时钟频率90000Hz
            Media Attribute (a): rtpmap:98 H264/90000
                # 编码类型98对应H.264编码
            Media Attribute (a): rtpmap:97 MPEG4/90000
                # 编码类型97对应MPEG4编码
            Media Attribute (a): rtpmap:99 H265/90000
                # 编码类型99对应H.265编码
            Unknown: y=0105009033
                # 私有扩展字段，通道编号或流标识（对应设备内部通道号）
            [Generated Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194]
                # 再次出现的会话ID，用于报文校验

设备收到请求后发送 100

Frame 187: 387 bytes on wire (3096 bits), 387 bytes captured (3096 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (100)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 100 Trying
    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK7938522896;rport=5060
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=d0fcfaf739c64b8ab323d7b8f617f660
        To: <sip:34020000001320000101@192.168.0.159:5060>
        Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194
        [Generated Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194]
        CSeq: 376 INVITE
        User-Agent: IP Camera
        Content-Length: 0

设备发送 200 INVITE

Frame 188: 676 bytes on wire (5408 bits), 676 bytes captured (5408 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
# 帧信息：捕获长度与接口标识

Ethernet II, Src: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7), Dst: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2)
    # 以太网层：源 MAC 为海康设备，目的 MAC 为 WVP 平台

Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.159, Dst: 192.168.0.194
    # IP 层：设备（192.168.0.159）回复给平台（192.168.0.194）

User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
    # UDP 层：SIP 信令端口 5060

Session Initiation Protocol (200)
    Status-Line: SIP/2.0 200 OK
        # 状态行：表示设备接受了 INVITE，会话建立通过（准备发送媒体）

    Message Header
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK7938522896;rport=5060
            # Via：返回路径与分支信息，包含请求方的地址与 rport（响应返回端口）
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=d0fcfaf739c64b8ab323d7b8f617f660
            # From：与 INVITE 中的 From 一致，包含原始 tag
        To: <sip:34020000001320000101@192.168.0.159:5060>;tag=1552641131
            # To：被叫（设备）标识；此处增加了设备端生成的 tag（1552641131），用于对话标识
        Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194
            # Call-ID：与 INVITE 保持一致，用于会话匹配
        [Generated Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194]
            # Wireshark 注记
        CSeq: 376 INVITE
            # CSeq：与 INVITE 的序号一致，表明是对该 INVITE 的响应
        Contact: <sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060>
            # Contact：设备的联系 URI（可用于后续直接请求）
        Content-Type: application/sdp
            # 响应体为 SDP，告诉平台设备端媒体参数
        User-Agent: IP Camera
            # 设备端 UA，表明是摄像头固件/软件
        Content-Length:   187
            # 后续 SDP 长度

    Message Body
        Session Description Protocol
            Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0
                # SDP 版本
            Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 34020000001320000001 3739 3739 IN IP4 192.168.0.159
                # o= 行：设备为会话拥有者，session id 与版本（3739），媒体接收地址为 192.168.0.159
            Session Name (s): Play
                # 会话名
            Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.0.159
                # 媒体连接信息：设备的媒体地址为 192.168.0.159
            Time Description, active time (t): 0 0
                # 会话时间
            Media Description, name and address (m): video 15060 RTP/AVP 96
                # m= 行：设备声明它将在端口 15060 发送 RTP 流，payload type = 96
            Media Attribute (a): sendonly
                # a=sendonly：设备端为“发送端”（向平台发送媒体）
            Media Attribute (a): rtpmap:96 PS/90000
                # payload 96 映射到 PS（或设备使用的封装），时钟率 90000
            Media Attribute (a): filesize:0
                # 设备自带的扩展字段，可能与录像文件/回放相关（此处为 0）
            Unknown: y=0105009033
                # 私有字段，通常用于携带通道/流标识（与 INVITE 中 y= 相同，表示同一资源）
            [Generated Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194]
                # 再次注记

平台给设备发送 ACK

Frame 190: 498 bytes on wire (3984 bits), 498 bytes captured (3984 bits) on interface \Device\NPF_{538F1B1E-B314-4C89-BB1B-E893535321B5}, id 0
Ethernet II, Src: WingtechGrou_cc:c5:b2 (14:16:9e:cc:c5:b2), Dst: HikvisionDig_3b:1d:e7 (2c:a5:9c:3b:1d:e7)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.194, Dst: 192.168.0.159
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060
Session Initiation Protocol (ACK)
    Request-Line: ACK sip:34020000001320000001@192.168.0.159:5060 SIP/2.0
    Message Header
        Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194
        [Generated Call-ID: 426b74cc47c4a6ffc03a67ec30e00944@192.168.0.194]
        CSeq: 376 ACK
        From: <sip:41010500002000000001@4101050000>;tag=d0fcfaf739c64b8ab323d7b8f617f660
        To: <sip:34020000001320000101@192.168.0.159:5060>;tag=1552641131
        Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.0.194:5060;branch=z9hG4bK9702726868
        Max-Forwards: 70
        User-Agent: WVP-Pro 
        Contact: <sip:41010500002000000001@192.168.0.194:5060>
        Content-Length: 0

其它的功能大同小异，可以根据国标文档进行。

参考资料：

https://www.cnblogs.com/BreakingY/p/18677349

https://www.cnblogs.com/xuwujing/p/16084066.html

上次更新: 2025/10/27

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